line of sight design

Wargames in general don’t show any vegetation less significant than actual forests, and ignore any hill less than 10 meters high. Time pressure to bring these drugs to market is driving competition within the industry. Second, we will not permit fire (or at least aimed fire: our game might or might not permit unaimed fire) from a valley over a ridge into another valley (a valley-ridge-valley sequence), or aimed fire in ridge-valley-ridge-valley sequence (either direction). SP Scientific’s mission is to give you control in your process with scalable technologies, from the laboratory to full production. The whole exercise is just impossible and collapses under its own weight. Line of Sight equipment and technologies have been integrated for pharmaceutical application to provide enhanced equipment capability, increased process and product understanding bringing together the tools to expand your design space and enable more successful scale-up of a lyophilization process, from formulation to full commercial production. Tools such as SMART, AutoMTM, ControLyo, LyoFlux sensor and identical software platform are available to enable users to facilitate a quick start on the project. By way of example, below you can see a portion of the GoG map with a hex grid overlaid onto it. We only get useful line of sight data when we include the elevation of a third point: a potential obstacle.

In discussing this approach, it is my wish to do three things: (1) To give designers an alternative to the traditional approach, (2) to encourage them to see if they can take this basic approach and push it even farther than I have done, either in terms of making it more accurate or easier to use, or both, and (3) to encourage them to think that if one new approach can do better, that with some imagination perhaps they can come up with an entirely new approach of their own that is even better than the approach described above.

Now, let’s take a look at relative elevation, when the ground isn’t flat and the cannon and target are at different heights. Of course, minimally, the earth is round, not flat (a point that seldom matters on land but which matters very much at sea). Thus allowing direct comparison of data from the small scale batches that users have developed giving the exact parameters needed for the most robust and efficient cycle. Data that is collected as part of the Line of Sight provides assurance those products are trending and behaving to what scientists observe in early stage of development remains comparable through the different scale. Now, I wouldn’t want you to think that by mentioning Three Days at Gettysburg above I was singling it out for abuse. Ground clutter is limits line of sight, even on “flat” ground. Our experienced team will help you configure a system to best meet your Line of Sight technical and budgetary needs to enable expansion of the design space in cycle development and scale up/scale down.

Now, we have seen that the way we have been going has led to a dead end. As with any game, GoG is a compromise among multiple competing goals. LyoConstellation™ S10 is a new fully equipped production freeze dryer with full CIP and SIP capability that can prepare your material for both stability testing and the first of the clinical trial material simultaneously, to enable stability testing to run concurrent to your process optimization. Absolute elevation (as in height above sea level) is of no importance whatsoever in line of sight. Now this map is quite a bit better, but at this scale we should really be thinking about not just capturing the tops of the ridges, but capturing the forward vs. the reverse slope. To a considerable extent, that is because line-of-sight calculations are built into the map design itself. Après avoir consulté un produit, regardez ici pour revenir simplement sur les pages qui vous intéressent. Now, the map for GoG was specially designed to accomodate line of sight. If you don’t need the additional flexibility, this would be the way to go.

Now, one thing worth noting about this: we are not indicating absolute elevation, but local prominence. Relative elevation, as such, made no difference either to line of sight. For our first example, let’s go back to having the firer and target on the same elevation, and introduce a big hill between them. In any case, the result is a map which can handle complex line of sight in a math-free way. Since we don’t have the map accuracy to depict it, in our back-of-the-envelope game design, we will plan for reduced fire range and effectiveness by units firing from valley hex to valley hex (as well as a lesser penalty for firing from valley hex to ridge hex). What about ground that isn’t flat? Additionally, both LyoConstellation and LyoCapsule freeze dryers utilize the same renowned LyoSTM control software, providing a seamless transition between systems.

Importantly, innovative technologies can be embedded in all SP freeze dryers allowing accurate comparison between all scales of manufacturing, from seven vials to thousands, whether the project is to replace your existing equipment for up to date technology or for new line integration to expand your capacity.

), (Click on the image to go to open it in its own window.). The problem of line of sight where the shooter and the target are not on the same elevation has been where wargame line of sight tends to simply break down. And so, what appears to be an easy line of sight problem is only easy because the game leaves out all the things that would make it complicated — and which could give the opposite answer as to whether or not the cannon could see and fire at the target: Part of the problem here is of course that wargame maps just plain don’t have the detail required to model “flat” ground well, and not just a little short: really, they would need to increase the vertical map detail by about 10x in order to have the raw map data needed. (2) In previous entries, we talked about ground clutter: small (less than 4 meter) variations in elevation, standing fields of crops, tall grass, patches of trees and bushes, fences, etc. Bringing together a broad range of standardized freeze-dryers, compatible with scalable technologies and PAT tools, enables accurate comparison between all scales of manufacturing from sub-vial scale chemistry studies through to commercial production. Livraison accélérée gratuite sur des millions d’articles, et bien plus. These standardized freeze-dryers can be equipped with the same technologies and the SP LyoS™ 2.0 Control System software to drive the cycle. Vous écoutez un extrait de l'édition audio Audible. Introduction . For example, here is the illustration we used earlier for a smooth slope: Each “step” in the ziggurat creates a blind spot near the step where the corner of the step obscures line of sight in both directions, blind spots that only exist because approximate elevations were used. Afficher ou modifier votre historique de navigation, Recyclage (y compris les équipements électriques et électroniques), Annonces basées sur vos centres d’intérêt. Design and Optimal Control of Line of Sight Stabilization of Moving Target Ajeet Singh1, Ritula Thakur2, Dr. S. Chatterjee3 M.E Student1, Assistant Professor2, Professor and Head3 Department of Electrical Engineering, NITTTR, Chandigarh Abstract: The Line -of Sight stabilization and tracking control based on gyro stabilized platform is required to À la place, notre système tient compte de facteurs tels que l'ancienneté d'un commentaire et si le commentateur a acheté l'article sur Amazon. Now, because of the limits of weapon ranges, this was much less of a problem than it might seem. Achetez neuf ou d'occasion This webinar Tech Note provides a first orientation for vaccine development projects; focusing on mechanisms of destabilization and discussing lyophilization-based formulation and process concepts. (3) So, to build on this principle, rather than try and identify ground first by elevation, let’s start by identifing it by general ground shape. This is where process knowledge and transfer from one team to another can dictate the success and continuity at each of the stages. Désolé, un problème s'est produit lors de l'enregistrement de vos préférences en matière de cookies. SP takes you on a visual case for increased profitability, batch homogeneity, and shorter run times during commercial lyophilization using controlled nucleation. What SP offers beyond “Expansion of Design Space” and a QbD approach is consistent data from all stages of development to full commercialization of customers’ products. (1) If the ground were perfectly flat, then line of sight would have no definite limit. SP is leading the way in the development and manufacture of complete aseptic vial fill-finish lines offering the broadest lyophilization range available today covering cycle development, stability, pilot and clinical batch production, to full aseptic manufacturing and commercial production batches. Challenges of Small Batch Manufacturing in Fill-finish Programs, Please complete your details below to keep in touch on the Line of Sight suite of freeze-drying equipment with scalable lyophilization technologies and process analytical tools (PAT). So, let’s go back to the beginning and take a fresh look at the problem. The first is that they have too little data to give good answers on “flat” ground, and can’t use the data they do have on sloped ground because of overwhelming computational complexity. Each of these teams will bring different knowledge skills and level of understanding. Once users have the formulation that gives a product meeting prescribed quality attributes, the job of designing the process that will reliably make that product begins, firstly with the LyoCapsule™ as the smallest dryer on the market that gives users data relevant to the production machines. Using only 7 vials enables scientists to assess viability of formulation and start developing cycles sooner when active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is scarce; and enables users to run many more test cycles than in traditional process optimization with the smallest possible quantity of waste of that precious API. Now, one way to fix this is by basically the same method we used on the GoG area map: we mark off areas (for valleys and hills) on top of the hex grid, and then use special line of sight lines to indicate exceptions.

Presenter: Julia Kosan, University of Erlangen-Nuremburg. Depending on the game scale, the difference between the topographic crest and the two military crests may or may not be worth capturing. ControLyo® - What Can It Do For Your business? For example, fast and reliable reconstitution for patient use. Cycle Development with SMART in LyoCapsule, MTM-SMART in LyoCapsule: Comparison of Tb-MTM as a function of Twall and Tshelf. The above example, only deals with the problem of “flat” ground. Let's take a look at the situation in profile, so we can see what is being modeled: Now, far be it from me to say that there is nowhere in the world that isn’t exactly like this, but much more common are cases where the ground has gentle undulations, standing fields of crops, tall grass, patches of trees and bushes, fences, and so on. We could just as easily apply them to a hex-grid based game at different scale.

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